Gambling-related harms evidence review: summary

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• We also explain the criteria used to evaluate these best gambling sites, UK offering you a comprehensive guide to the top UK gambling websites.
• This release contains data and consumer views on why people gamble – their motivations for gambling, how and where they gamble, and how they want operators to interact with them.
• With the exception of commercial stakeholders, there was consensus across different types of stakeholders that gambling is a public health issue, and it requires a public health approach.
• It has made gambling easier, quicker and often more fun, but when things go wrong it can see people lose thousands of pounds in a few swipes of the screen.
• A key part of the program is finding a sponsor, a former gambler who has experience remaining free from addiction and can provide you invaluable guidance and support.
• Generally, the minimum gambling age in England is 18, however, the minimum age to purchase a National Lottery ticket is sixteen.
• The measures we are announcing will protect at-risk players, while allowing the millions who bet regularly to do so unhindered.
• A study from 2020 found that the risk of suicide is even higher when the person is struggling with an additional disorder, such as substance use.
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• Free bets and matched free bets enable players to place wagers without risking their actual money, often awarded in smaller increments.
• Whether you’re looking for the best slots, live dealer games, or overall gaming experience, the best UK casinos have something to offer.
• The British regulator continues its series of enforcement actions against its licensees, as described above, including follow-ups from previous enforcement actions.
• This ensures that players can trust the casinos to operate fairly and legally.
• All British Sports and MagicRed Sports offer user-friendly interfaces and extensive betting options.
• While UK-licensed operators must follow strict UKGC rules to keep players safe, bettors also have a responsibility to manage their own behaviour and spending.

To answer question 5, we conducted a qualitative investigation of stakeholder perspectives on gambling using data from a Gambling Commission consultation and an anonymous sample of gambling-related tweets from Twitter. Rather than avoid the subject entirely, talk to your child or teen about how gambling works. Emphasis how low the odds of winning can be, and how easy it is to lose money in pursuit of an unlikely payout.

• UK online casinos provide a range of payment methods, such as debit cards (MasterCard and Visa), e-wallets (PayPal, Apple Pay, Google Pay, Skrill, Neteller), and pay by phone options (Boku, PayForIt).
• Estimates suggest that there are approximately 300,000 problem gamblers in the UK – and problem gambling rates are higher for players in online casino games than those playing in bingo halls, casinos and pubs.
• Harmful gamblers are far more likely to participate in 7 or more gambling activities.
• Therapy can provide you with the tools for coping with your addiction that will last a lifetime.
• The first step to overcoming a gambling addiction is realizing that you have a problem.
• Having a gambling problem is just a case of being weak-willed, irresponsible, or unintelligent.
• The UKGC does not go after individuals who are participating in illegal online gambling.
• In the UK, the Gambling Commission oversees various gambling UK operations, both online and offline.
• Using PayPal at UK online casinos offers several advantages, including the ability to withdraw funds quickly and securely.
• In the UK, the UK Gambling Commission (UKGC) plays a critical role in overseeing and regulating best online casinos UK to ensure safety and fair play.
• In countries where gambling has been legalized, governments typically receive substantial taxation revenues.
• In May 2018, the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport published its response to a consultation on proposals for changes to gaming machines and social responsibility measures.
• There are numerous charitable lottery operators that operate under certain regulatory constraints.

Gambling among children and young people

UK fans of online poker and bingo have access to some of the best platforms, offering engaging gameplay, secure environments, and options for all player levels. Other notable sites include SBK, known for live odds comparison, and Midnite, recognized for strong promotions and fast payouts. All British Sports and MagicRed Sports offer user-friendly interfaces and extensive betting options.

Top UK casino sites ensure mobile optimization through dedicated apps and mobile-optimized websites that offer smooth performance and a wide range of games. Mr Vegas is a standout online casino for slot enthusiasts, offering a remarkable selection of over 5,000 games, primarily focused on slot titles. With over 150 software providers, players have access to a diverse range of slots, ensuring there’s something for everyone. The dedicated slot game library, featuring approximately 1,000 titles, showcases the casino’s commitment to providing an unparalleled gaming experience. Choosing a UK online casino involves considering several factors, including licensing, game variety, bonuses, payment methods, and customer support. By focusing on these aspects, players can ensure a safe and enjoyable online casino experience.

Licensing from a reputable authority like the UK Gambling Commission is crucial for ensuring player safety and trust. A licensed casino adheres to strict regulations and player protection measures. These variations keep the game fresh and engaging for players, ensuring its continued popularity. Specific casinos have generous welcome bonuses, such as VegasLand, which offers up to 100 free spins as part of their welcome package. These spins typically expire within three days after they are granted, adding urgency to use them.

• We also like MrQ’s pledge to complete all payments instantly – once bettors have ticked off all the Know Your Customer (KYC) check – with the gambling site giving bettors £10 in credit if payments are delayed.
• Betting – Betting in the UK comes in the forms of fixed odds betting, pool betting, acting as a betting intermediary and spread betting.
• These spins typically expire within three days after they are granted, adding urgency to use them.
• Hopa, Mr Play, and Betiton are among the best new betting sites in 2026, offering a range of games and promotions to attract players.
• Top UK casino sites ensure mobile optimization through dedicated apps and mobile-optimized websites that offer smooth performance and a wide range of games.
• However, players should note that deposits made with Skrill and Neteller may not qualify for welcome bonuses at some casinos, so it’s essential to check the terms and conditions before choosing a payment method.
• The range of exciting welcome bonuses available at UK online casinos ensures that there’s something for everyone, whether you’re looking for free spins or cashback offers.
• This generous welcome bonus is designed to attract new players and provide them with a great start to their gaming journey.
• Commercial stakeholders believed the causes of harmful gambling are complex and could be due to co-morbidities or a tendency toward addiction.
• These tools are designed to help players maintain control over their gambling activities and prevent problematic behavior.
• By choosing reliable and secure payment options, players can ensure a smooth and hassle-free online gambling UK experience.
• If you gamble, find out how you can play more safely and protect yourself from harm.
• Whether you’re playing on a desktop at home or on your mobile device while on the go, a smooth and engaging experience is essential for player satisfaction.
• The online gambling participation rate (in the past 4 weeks) was 38 percent, which falls to 16 percent when lottery draw only players are removed.
• If your loved one has a gambling problem, you likely have many conflicting emotions.

Duelz Casino, for instance, is renowned for its extensive slot collection and excellent customer service, making it a top choice for many players. On the other hand, Ladbrokes Casino is the go-to site for blackjack enthusiasts, thanks to its superior game offerings. Blackjack is widely viewed as the most popular game among UK casino players due to its easy rules and low house edge. Other popular game options at UK casinos include online slots, table games, and live dealer games, offering something for every type of player at a British casino.

If you aren’t able to resist the gambling craving, don’t be too hard on yourself or use it as an excuse to give up. You may slip from time to time; the important thing is to learn from your mistakes and continue working towards recovery. Of course, you can also have a gambling problem without being totally out of control.

The British regime is not particularly restrictive in this regard and persons located in Great Britain are generally free to gamble as they please. For example, so-called “Novelty Bets” are permitted on non-sporting events and, as mentioned above, betting on lotteries (apart from the British National Lottery) is also itv slots permitted. There are extensive marketing and consumer protection restrictions, as touched on above.

• The house edge, which represents the casino’s advantage over players, contrasts with RTP, reflecting potential player returns.
• So, if there are no interventions to improve this situation, harmful gambling is likely to make existing health inequalities worse.
• You can block access to gambling websites by downloading blocking software to your device.
• Explore the warning signs and symptoms of compulsive gambling and learn how to stop.
• We publish information to help people understand more about mental health and mental illness, and the kind of care they are entitled to.
• The in person gambling participation rate (in the past 4 weeks) was 27 percent, which falls to 18 percent when lottery draw only players are removed.
• The service is open to people aged 17 and older who live in or are registered with a GP in the South East of England.
• These platforms offer innovative features, competitive bonuses, and a fresh approach to online gambling UK.
• We aim to offer every online gambler and reader of The Independent a safe and fair platform through unbiased reviews and offers from the UK’s best online gambling companies.
• Among the most popular are classic table games and slot games, which appeal to a wide range of players.
• To answer question 1, we conducted a quantitative analysis to examine the prevalence of gambling and related harms in England using data from the annual Health Survey for England (HSE) and a number of other gambling data sources.
• Offences cover the unlicensed offer of gambling, the unlicensed use of premises for gambling, the promotion or facilitation of a lottery and so on.
• WHO recognizes that some jurisdictions have developed effective gambling regulatory systems.

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The online gambling participation rate (in the past 4 weeks) was 38 percent, which falls to 16 percent when lottery draw only players are removed. He is experienced in advising clients on regulatory compliance matters, licensing and product classification, seeking M&A regulatory approvals and cross-border jurisdictional risk. Software suppliers, games suppliers, sportsbook platforms and certain other B2B suppliers may all be potentially licensable.

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In late 2022, we re-examined this analysis and published an updated report in early 2023. You can find the full technical reports on the gambling-related harms evidence review main page. Schedule enjoyable recreational time for yourself that has nothing to do with gambling. If you’re gambling on your smartphone, find other ways to fill the quiet moments during your day. Depression, stress, substance abuse, or anxiety can both trigger gambling problems and be made worse by compulsive gambling. If you have bipolar disorder, manic phases might lead you to risky behavior, such as making big bets.

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This suggests that gambling may trigger suicidal events in some people already prone to suicidal ideation. The link between gambling and suicide and self-harm was supported by qualitative studies. One study reported that people engaging in moderate-risk or problem gambling experienced lower levels of family functioning and social support compared to people engaging in low-risk gambling or non-gamblers. Another study identified associations between gambling problems and intimate partner violence, but found that it may be influenced by other factors and not necessarily caused by the gambling. The white paper will support the ‘land-based’ gambling sector including casinos, arcades and bingo halls, while maintaining safeguards to protect vulnerable groups. Bingo halls, seaside arcades and casinos create employment, generate tourism and provide entertainment.

It has one of the top welcome bonuses on the market, giving users a choice between either a £40 bonus bingo or 200 free spins on its slot games once customers have staked £10 online. Our reviews of established online gambling platforms and new casino sites are based on a wide-ranging set of criteria, with operators having to hit all the points on our checklist. There was one low quality qualitative study that looked at gaming in people aged 11 to 24 years old. The young people felt gambling-like activities in gaming (such as loot boxes and skin betting) were addictive. They also said that games were designed to make it difficult to enjoy without buying loot boxes, and they thought that gambling-like activity in gaming was normal.

College Centre for Quality Improvement (CCQI)

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How to help someone stop gambling

By understanding players in more detail, we can understand which interventions are preferred by which types of players. Reward was the primary factor to gambling – enjoyment and fun were also drivers, but motivators can vary depending on the situation and activity. The first statutory gambling operator levy will replace the current voluntary levy which is not fit for purpose. As it stands not all betting companies pay their fair share and some have paid as little as £1. The NHS and many researchers do not take funds from the voluntary levy due to their concerns over the source of funding.

It’s easy to think about gambling as being all about the possibility of winning money. In fact, some people gamble to alleviate stress; others to take their minds off their problems or socialize with friends. When people gamble, it triggers feelings of euphoria, linked to the brain’s reward system. Often, people who gamble risk money in hopes of winning a greater sum of money. For example, you might risk the cost of a lottery ticket for the chance at winning a large multimillion-dollar jackpot. If you’re struggling with your mental health, you can call the Samaritans’ free helpline.

• The study reported increased psychological distress and increased high risk alcohol consumption (from 10% to 20%) in ethnic minority gamblers, and in people experiencing problem gambling aged 18 to 34 (from 20% to 31%).
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• The firm guides clients through financing, exploitation and safeguarding their creative and commercial assets within these specialised sectors.
• Emphasis how low the odds of winning can be, and how easy it is to lose money in pursuit of an unlikely payout.
• Flows is an agnostic, plug-in no-code platform that supports businesses in accelerating development, fast-tracking integrations, and orchestrating multiple data points in a single interface and workflow automation tool.
• If gambling ceases to be enjoyable, it’s crucial for players to stop immediately and seek help if needed.
• When selecting an online casino in UK, consider your gaming preferences and needs.
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Gambling Commission

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Understanding why people gamble and typologies

For example, one player was allowed to lose £70,000 over a 10-hour period, while one customer was allowed to place a £100,000 bet immediately, even though he had a £70,000 credit limit. Unlicensed providers regularly offer unregulated gambling products, and there is an urgent need for the regulation of online gambling. For every person who gambles at high-risk levels, an average of six others (usually non-gamblers) are affected (6). This number is likely much higher in kinship cultures, including among Indigenous peoples.

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• Operators are expected to have in place measures to detect self-excluded persons who might wish to re-register using different details.
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• The effects of this helped keep casinos and other gambling operators in check with new technologies.
• You can find the source data in the GSGB Annual report (2025) data tables (downloads as Excel file).Some files may not be accessible for users of assistive technology.
• Depression, stress, substance abuse, or anxiety can both trigger gambling problems and be made worse by compulsive gambling.
• Overall, the most popular gambling activities following lottery draws remains being scratchcards (13 percent), betting (9 percent) and online instant win games (8 percent).
• When we think about gambling, often places like casinos or racetracks come to mind, but gambling occurs in other places too, like gas stations, church halls, at sporting events and on the Internet.
• Our team of legal gambling analysts developed this page as a hub for legitimate and up-to-date information regarding the legal framework of gambling in the United Kingdom.
• Self-help, pharmacological interventions and mutual support have less evidence of efficacy, although the latter are among the most used interventions.
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They are not about checking up on people having a flutter on the football or placing the odd bet on horse racing. Get help, advice and information on how to use tools that manage your gambling activity. Multisectoral action to reduce gambling harm is required to reduce the potential for gambling to impede progress on SDGs. WHO acknowledges the need for Member States to closely monitor and effectively regulate gambling operations, products and activities.

Affiliates are also coming under increased scrutiny (at least politically) and the links between gambling advertising and sport are likewise coming under increased political scrutiny. Depending on whether you’d rather have a sportsbook or casino welcome bonus, BetMGM give bettors the option to enjoy a bet £10, get £40 in free bets offer for sports or claim 200 free spins for the online casino. The US gambling sites giant has done a great job integrating the sportsbook and online casino into a single app and for bettors who like to flick between both, the BetMGM app is tough to beat for functionality and speed. A recent example of how much the UK takes this seriously can be seen with SkyBet, one of the largest online betting providers in the country. SkyBet was fined £1 million for failing to maintain their self-exclusion policy.

This can lead to food insecurity, housing problems and difficulties accessing healthcare and education. Gambling ‘for the chance to win big money and ‘because it’s fun’ remain the most popular reasons given as to why respondents gambled. Approximately one fifth of respondents (21 percent) only took part in lottery draws (either National Lottery or other charity lottery draws) in the past 4 weeks. This means when we exclude those who only took part in a lottery draw in the past 4 weeks from the overall gambling participation rate, gambling participation falls to 27 percent.

Gambling AddictionSymptoms, Causes, and Help

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What to look at before you gamble

Only 13% of respondents thought that they gambled more than most, showing that the majority of respondents think they gamble the same or less than others. What is more concerning, is that 27% of problem gamblers and 57% of moderate risk gamblers believe their gambling activity to be average or less than others. In 2019, the Gambling Commission commissioned 2CV to undertake a mixed methodology research project to understand why people gamble, the choices they make and how gambling fits into their lives. The levy will be collected by the Gambling Commission and spending will be approved by the government. The rate will be subject to further consultation, which will take into account factors such as business size, operating costs and problem gambling rates.

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Most of the studies had focused on harms to the gambler, although some had also examined the harms to affected others. Our analysis revealed that overall gambling prevalence has fluctuated between 2012 and 2018. To answer question 4, we conducted an analysis to estimate direct, indirect, and intangible excess costs of gambling-related harms based on the best available evidence.

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Mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders, often occur alongside gambling addiction. Some research also links pathological gambling to personality disorders, including antisocial, borderline, and narcissistic personality disorders. Aside from personality disorders, specific personality traits—especially impulsivity—can be risk factors for pathological gambling.

• South West Gambling Service – The South West Gambling Service provides free confidential specialist support to people living in the South West affected by gambling addiction.
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• The commercialization of gambling in many countries – which also drives normalization – is increasing the incidence of gambling harm.
• Only 5 of these included longitudinal studies which are essential to determine the direction of a relationship, and only one was rated as high quality.
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• The government’s priority is to ensure there is sufficient long-term funding for high-quality research and treatment of gambling harm and addiction.
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• This study aimed to identify what policies and interventions could be effective to address the gambling-related harms identified in this review.
• In summary, the best online casinos in the UK offer a combination of fair play, big wins, and a secure gaming environment.
• Bonus offers, such as free bets or spins, can drive harmful behaviour and trigger people to spend more than they intended.
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• Nationally representative quotas were applied on age, gender, and region to ensure a representative spread of gamblers in the sample.

Poor mental health is a stronger predictor of at-risk gambling than both poor physical health and negative health behaviours, with the notable exception of alcohol. The evidence review was underpinned by adapting an existing framework which classifies gambling-related harms by type. When faced with the consequences of their actions, people with gambling problems can suffer a crushing drop in self-esteem. This is one reason why there is a high rate of suicide among compulsive gamblers. While compulsive and problem gamblers need the support of their family and friends to help them in their struggle to stop gambling, the decision to quit has to be theirs.

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If your loved one has a gambling problem, you likely have many conflicting emotions. You may have spent a lot of time and energy trying to keep your loved one from gambling or having to cover for them. At the same time, you might be furious at your loved one for gambling again and tired of trying to keep up the charade. Your loved one may have borrowed or even stolen money with no way to pay it back. They may have sold family possessions or run up huge debts on joint credit cards. One way to stop gambling is to remove the elements necessary for gambling to occur.

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This review has estimated that 0.5% of the adult population has a problem with gambling, 3.8% are gambling at at-risk levels, and 7% are affected negatively by an others people’s gambling. We identified 45 possible risk factors within these 39 reviews, and three-quarters of these (33 factors) were individual (personal) level risk factors. The remaining related to families or other social influences (5 factors), community-level influences (4 factors) and societal influences (3 factors). The proportion reporting any gambling in the last 12 months was 36% in 2019, down slightly from 39% in 2018. Based on 2018 HSE data, we estimated that 0.5% of the population reached the threshold to be considered experiencing problem gambling, and this proportion has remained relatively consistent since 2012. We also estimated that 3.8% of the population are classified as gambling at elevated risks, differentiated into low risk and moderate risk gambling.

As the detailed implementation of the review now begins, we will also be reiterating to all operators that the Commission will strongly maintain its focus on consumer protection and compliance. Google acts as data processor on our behalf, further information is available in Google Cloud Platform Service Specific Terms (opens in new tab) and Google’s Cloud Data Processing Addendum (opens in new tab). Find out more about our approach to regulation and support in the following pages.

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